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今日新聞          日期：2022/10/18

，在電場(chǎng)作用下帶電的分子會(huì)在電介質(zhì)中作定向的遷移，這種遷移和分子的電荷狀況有關(guān)，對(duì)于類似于蛋白質(zhì)這樣一類分子而言，其荷電狀況的pH值而異。在某一個(gè)pH值時(shí)，蛋白質(zhì)分子的表觀電荷數(shù)為零，通常把這一pH值稱之為蛋白質(zhì)的等電點(diǎn)，不同的蛋白質(zhì)等電點(diǎn)不同。顯然，如果這一類分子處于pH值和其等電點(diǎn)一致的介質(zhì)中時(shí)，遷移就停止進(jìn)行。如果介質(zhì)的pH值是位置的函數(shù)，即有一個(gè)pH值得位置梯度，那么有可能使有不同等電點(diǎn)的分子分別聚焦在不同的位置上，不作遷移而彼此分離，這就是所謂的等電聚焦分離過(guò)程。毛細(xì)管的等電聚焦是在毛細(xì)管內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)的等電聚焦過(guò)程，具有的分辨率，通常可以分離等電點(diǎn)差異小于0.01pH值單位的2種蛋白質(zhì)。

英文翻譯：

It is well known that electrons charged by an electric field will migrate in a direction in a dielectric medium.This migration depends on the charge state of the molecule.For molecules such as proteins,the pH of the charge state varies.At a certain pH,the apparent charge number of a protein molecule is zero. This pH is often referred to as the isoelectric point of a protein, which varies from protein to protein.Obviously,if such a molecule is in a medium with the same pH as its isoelectric point,the migration stops.If the pH value of the medium is a function of position,that is,there is a pH value position gradient,then it is possible to make the molecules with different isoelectric points focus on different positions and separate from each other without migration,which is the so-called isoelectric focusing separation process.lsoelectric focusing of capillary tubes is an isoelectric focusing process in capillary tubes.Is has very high resolution and can usually separate two proteins whose isoelectric point difference is less than 0.01pH units.